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Sunday, December 19, 2010

My SRS Account Investment Plan

On11th Oct Blog I explained in detail about Supplementary Retirement Scheme (SRS) account. Now it comes to year end period I have contributed total $2,500 into my SRS account.

I invested $1,000 into Fist State Bridge Fund and $1,500 into Aberdeen Global Emerging Markets Fund. My ultimate goal is to accumulated $200,000 in 25 years time (each fund will generating about $100,000). I have worked out a value averaging investment plan and will contribute certain amounts of money into each fund on quarterly basis.

I post my detail investment plan here, which involves complicated value averaging formula calculation in order to determine the investment amount. I will not explain this formula in detail here, but I will constantly update my portfolio performance and my contribution details here.

Fund Name: Fist State Bridge
Projected Annual Reture: 6%
Projected Annual Inflation: 4%
INPUTS
Investment Goal$100,000.00
Value Now$1,000.00
Period to Go - n100
Expected rate of return - r1.50%
Increasing perodic contribution - g1.00%
OUTPUTS
R1.25%
Final Period - T103.6
Time Index Now - t3.6
Investment Amount - $C$266.58
Value Path (T) = $C x t x (1+ R) ^ t
VALUE PATH
Periods From NowTime Index #Value Path
03.6$1,000.00
14.6$1,294.72
25.6$1,596.65
36.6$1,905.92
47.6$2,222.68
---
98101.6$95,662.75
99102.6$97,811.98
100103.6$100,000.00

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Fund Name: Aberdeen Global Emerging Markets
Projected Annual Reture: 8%
Projected Annual Inflation: 4%
INPUTS
Investment Goal$100,000.00
Value Now$1,500.00
Period to Go - n100
Expected rate of return - r2.40%
Increasing perodic contribution - g1.00%
OUTPUTS
R1.70%
Final Period - T108.8
Time Index Now - t8.8
Investment Amount - $C$146.81
Value Path (T) = $C x t x (1+ R) ^ t
VALUE PATH
Periods From NowTime Index #Value Path
08.8$1,500.00
19.8$1,698.71
210.8$1,903.74
311.8$2,115.25
412.8$2,333.40
---
98106.8$94,907.60
99107.8$97,424.72
100108.8$100,000.00

Saturday, December 18, 2010

Passed CFP Module 1 - Foundations in Financial Planning Exam

Examination Result Release
Latest Examination Results Released
ModuleModule DescriptionExamination DescriptionExamination DateResult
1
Module 1 - Foundations in Financial PlanningAFP/AWP/CFP Education Program - Module 1Saturday, November 13, 2010Pass

On 17th Dec Financial Planning Association of Singapore (FPAS) released Certified Financial Planner (CFP) Education Program  exam result. Fortunately I have passed Module 1 - Foundations in Financial Planning in my 1st sitting.

Accordingly to FPAS website Associate Financial Planner (AFPCM) is a certification for practitioners who are competent to recommend general financial planning strategies and to advice on the appropriate selection and use of various financial planning products for individuals. These individuals must also pass FPAS certification examinations Module 1 (Foundations in Financial Planning) and abide by the Code of Ethics.

It was a remarkable event and also a significant milestone in my life time; since it was my 1st financial professional qualification. Now I am eligible to apply my AFP  license with FPAS.

I will continue my study toward my next stage of profesional qualification which is Associate Wealth Planner (AWPCM).

AWPCM
Module 1: Foundations in Financial Planning
Module 4: Investment Planning
Module 5: Retirement Planning

I am going to register for module 4 & 5 exam in March 2011 and I will post my exam results again.

Tuesday, November 30, 2010

Warren Buffett's Stock Picking List

1.      Advo Inc.
2.      American Brands
3.      American Express
4.      Amerada Hess Corp.
5.      American Home Products
6.      American Safety Razor
7.      Anheuser-Busch
8.      Bear Stearns
9.      Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
10.  Campell Soup
11.  Capital Cities Communications
12.  Circuit City Stores
13.  Coca-Cola Bottling Company Consolidated
14.  Coca-Cola Enterprise
15.  Coca-Cola FEMSA
16.  Cox Communications
17.  Dean Witter Discover
18.  Disney
19.  Dunn & Bradstreet
20.  EXXonMobile
21.  Freddie Mac
22.  Gabelli Equity Trust
23.  Gallaher Group
24.  GEICO
25.  Gennett Corporation
26.  General Electric
27.  Gillette
28.  H & R Financial Services, Inc
29.  Hershey Foods
30.  HRPT Properties Trust
31.  International Flavors & Fragrances
32.  IPG
33.  JDN Realty
34.  Justin Industries
35.  Knight-Ridder
36.  Leucadia National
37.  Liz Claiborne
38.  Loews Corporation
39.  MBIA Inc.
40.  Mcdonald
41.  Media General Inc.
42.  Mercury General Corp.
43.  Merill Lynch & Compay, Inc.
44.  Morgan Stanley Group
45.  Netstle
46.  New York Times
47.  NIKE
48.  Ogilby & Mather
49.  Panamerican Beverages
50.  Pepsi
51.  Philip Morris
52.  Premier Industrial Corporation
53.  Property Capital Trust
54.  Progressive Corp.
55.  Ralston Purina Group
56.  Seagram Co.
57.  Suntrust Banks
58.  Thomson Corp.
59.  Tiffany & Co.
60.  Times Mirror
61.  Torchmark Corp.
62.  USG Corp
63.  UST Inc.
64.  Wal-Mart Stores
65.  Warner-Lambert Company
66.  Washington Post
67.  Wells Frago

WARREN BUFFETT'S INVESTMENT PRINCIPLES

 1. The company should be soundly managed. Tests of good management include:
2. The company has demonstrated earning capacity with a likelihood that this will continue. Tests of earning capacity include:
  • Company growth: Have the earnings per share and sales per share of the company shown consistent growth above market averages over a period of at least five years?
  • Dealing with inflation: Does the company have the ability to maintain or increase profitability by raising prices?
  • Capital expenditure: Is the company going to regularly require large capital sums to ensure continuing profitability?
  • Brand names: Does the company sell brand name products that are likely to endure?
3. The company should have consistently high returns. Warren Buffett would look at both:
4. The company should have a prudent approach to debt: Is the company, looking at both long-term debt, and the current position, conservatively financed?

5. The businesses of the company should be simple and the investor should have an understanding of the company: Is the business of the company easily understood?

Sunday, November 21, 2010

High quality companies worth to put under my watchlist

Health Care
ABT
ACL
AMGN
AZN
BMET
BSX
BMY
LLY
DNA
GSK
GDT
JNJ
MDT
MRK
NVS
PFE
SNY
SGP
SYK
UNH
ZMH

Consumer Services
HRB
HD
LOW
SYY
WMT
WAG
EBAY

Business Services
ADP
CTAS
EFX
EXPD
FDC
FISV
GYI
RX
MCO
PAYX
TSS
UPS

Financial Services, Insurance/Asset Management
AFL
AC
AXP
BRK.B
BLK
EV
MMC
PGR
SLM

Financial Services, Banks/Finance
BK
COF
C
FNM
FITB
FRE
NTRS
STT
WFC

Software
ADBE
ADSK
INTU
MSFT

Hardware
AMAT
CSCO
DELL
IBM
INTC
LLTC
MXIM
QCOM

Media
CMCSA
DJ
JW.A
MHP
WPO

Consumer Goods
MO
BUD
AVP
FUN
KO
CL
G
HDI
HSY
ISCA
PEP
PG
WWY

Industrial Materials
MMM
GD
GNTX
PBI
UTX

Energy
KMI
KMP

My calculation of intrinsic value for Apple Inc.

On my 17th Oct post I calculated Apple Inc's intrinsic value was about $343,37 per share base on my old calculation method. It was trading at $306.73 base on 19th Nov US market closing price.

Now I want to apply Morningstar's calculation method to work out the intrinsic value and make a comparison here.

AAPL

Current year (2010) FCF: 16,590M
Estimated next 10 yrs FCF growth rate: 10%
Perpetuity growth rate (g): 7%
Discount rate (R): 15%

Step 1: Forecast FCF for the next 10 years

2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
18,249
20,074
22,081
24,289
26,718
29,390
32,329
35,562
39,118
43,030


Step 2: Discount these FCFs to reflect the present value

2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
18,249
20,074
22,081
24,289
26,718
29,390
32,329
35,562
39,118
43,030
1.15
1.32
1.52
1.75
2.01
2.31
2.66
3.06
3.52
4.05
15,869
15,736
15,325
14,925
14,536
14,157
13,788
13,428
13,078
12,736


10 yrs discounted FCFs = 143,578

Step 3: Calculate the perpetuity value and discount to the present value

Perpetuity value = (43,030 x 1.10) / (0.15 - 0.07) = 591,663
Discounted to PV = 591,663 / 1.15^10 = 146,089

Step 4: Calculate total equity value = 10 yrs FCFs + Perpetuity value

Total equity value = 143,578 + 146,089 = 289,667

Step 5: Calculate per share value = Total Equity Value / Total share outstanding

Share outstanding: 917.31M
Per share value = 289,667 / 917.31 = $315.78

It seems Morningstar's calculation method was much closer to the current stock price, but please take of the main differences here. For both calculation I used discount rate as 15% that was fine, but in old method we estimated next 10 yrs EPS growth rate @ 23.61% per year. Here we only used 10% for next 10 yrs FCF growth rate and then used 7% for perpetuity FCF growth rate.

The basic idea here is the assumption for the growth rate play a very important role to determine the intrinsic value calculation result. The key is we should take into consideration of the size of the company, industrial cyclicality, economic moat, management team, and the complexity of the business to pick a comfortable estimated growth rate - assigning estimated growth rate is an inexact science - there are no "right" answers for any stock analysis.

The Five Rules for Successful Stock Investing

Recently I read a book named The Five Rules for Successful Stock Investing which was written by Morningstar's Director of Stock Analysis, Pat Dorsey; it covering a wide range of stock research and investment strategies. This comprehensive guide can helping any serious investors on their right track to pick the right stocks, find great companies without paying too much for their investment. I summarized some important topics and investment strategies here:

Five rules recommend by Morningstar:
1. Do your homework
2. Find economic moats
3. Have a margin of safety
4. Hold for the long haul
5. Know when to sell

4 steps to analyze a company's economic moat:
1. Evaluate the firm's historical profitability.
2. If the firm has solid return on capital and consistent profitability, assess the source of the firm's profit.
3. Estimate how long a firm will be able to hold off competitors, which is the company's competitive advantage period.
4. Analyze the industry's competitive structure.

5 ways that an individual firm can build sustainable competitive advantages:
1. Creating real product differentiation through superior technology or features.
2. Creating perceived product differentiation through a trusted brand or reputation.
3. Driving cost down and offering a similar product or service at a lower price.
4. Locking in customer by creating high switching costs.
5. Locking out competitors by creating high barriers to entry of high barriers to success.

The 4 sources of growth:
1. Selling more goods or services
2. Raising prices
3. Selling new goods or services
4. Buying another company

Some Red Flags and Pitfalls to watch out for:
1. Decline cash flow
2. Serial chargers - be wary of firms that take frequent one-time charges and write-downs.
3. Earning growth outstrips sales growth over a long period, this might be a sign of manufactured growth.
4. The CFO or Auditors leave the company.
5.A/R are increasing much faster than sales growth.
6. Gains from investments
7. Overstuffed warehouse - inventories rise faster than sales.
8 Change is bad - for example like depreciation expenses.
9. To Expense or Not to Expenses - costs such as marketing and some kind of development can be treated either way.

5 Steps to calculate a firm's intrinsic value:
Step 1: Forecast free cash flow (FCF) for the next 10 years
Step 2: Discount these FCFs to reflect the present value
Step 3: Calculate the perpetuity value and discount to the present value
Step 4: Calculate total equity value = 10 yrs FCFs + Perpetuity value
Step 5: Calculate per share value = Total Equity Value / Total share outstanding

Sunday, October 31, 2010

A random stock screening exercise shared!

Today I decided to do a random stock screening process to pick some strong fundamental medium to small cap stocks (market cap less than 5b) with relative low P/E ratio (<= 20) in order to test my stock picking methodology:

Here are my screening criteria via Yahoo finance stock screener:

(1) Market cap <= 5b  - to filter out large cap stocks
(2) Forward P/E <= 20 - to filter out high P/E ratio stocks
(3) Return on Equity >= 15% - to identify strong growth stock
(4) Earning growth past 5 years >= 10% - to identify strong growth stock
(5) Quick Ratio >= 1 - to find out financial sound companies
(6) Total Debt / Equity <= 0.5 - to find out financial sound companies

Below are the screening results total 12 stocks which can fulfil above criteria:

AAON , AAON, Inc. , 24.55
CGA , China Green Agric , 7.35  Stock price less than $10.00
CNU , Continucare Corp. , 4.5    Stock price less than $10.00
DORM , Dorman Products,  , 36.49
FSIN , Fushi Copperweld, , 9.32   Stock price less than $10.00
HANS , Hansen Natural Co , 51.21
IDCC , InterDigital, Inc , 33.57
KEI , Keithley Instrume , 21.58
LANC , Lancaster Colony  , 49.92
MMS , Maximus, Inc. Com , 60.63
OMPI , Obagi Medical Pro , 11.41
PTI , Patni Computer Sy , 20.9

Three of them current price less than $10.00 per share I will not take them into consideration, I prefer to trade stocks within $10.00 - $100.00 range.

I also filtered out another 5 stocks due to their inconsistent earnings or a relative low average ROE rate (<15%) for the past 5 years.

IDCC    KEI   OMPI - inconsistent EPSGR for the past 5 years
DORM  MMS - past 5 years average ROE less than 15%

Now only left AAON, HANS, LANC, and PTI; I will estimate their intrinsic value.
AAON



Sector
Industry
ROE (5 yrs) 
GM (5 yrs)
Industrial Materials
Building Materials 
24.67%
23.86%
EPS (2010)
EPSGR (5 yrs)
EPS (2015)
P/E (5 yrs)
$1.44
9.86%
$2.30
15.60
P(2015)
P(2010)
P(current)
P(52-Week )
$35.94
$17.87
$24.55
18.00-26.13
HANS



Sector
Industry
ROE (5 yrs) 
GM (5 yrs)
Consumer Goods 
Beverages - Soft Drinks
40.33%
52.56%
EPS (2010)
EPSGR (5 yrs)
EPS (2015)
P/E (5 yrs)
$2.21
17.40%
$4.93
15.50
P(2015)
P(2010)
P(current)
P(52-Week )
$76.42
$38.00
$51.21
24.01-52.84
LANC



Sector
Industry
ROE (5 yrs) 
GM (5 yrs)
Consumer Goods 
Packaged Foods 
18.86%
21.01%
EPS (2010)
EPSGR (5 yrs)
EPS (2015)
P/E (5 yrs)
$4.07
22.93%
$11.42
15.50
P(2015)
P(2010)
P(current)
P(52-Week )
$177.01
$88.02
$49.92
43.28-61.60
PTI



Sector
Industry
ROE (5 yrs) 
GM (5 yrs)
Software 
Software - Application 
17.14%
34.56%
EPS (2010)
EPSGR (5 yrs)
EPS (2015)
P/E (5 yrs)
$2.12
19.78%
$5.23
11.68
P(2015)
P(2010)
P(current)
P(52-Week )
$61.09
$30.38
$20.90
18.11-28.33

  Note:
  1. 5 years average data were calculated from 2006 - 2010.
  2. If 5 years average P/E higher than S&P 500 5 years average P/E, S&P 500 P/E ratio will be applied.
  3. P(2015): estimated stock price in 2015 - this if stock price Future Value (FV).
  4. P(2010): estimated stock price after applied annual discount rate of 15% in today's value - this is the intrinsic value or Present Value (PV) of the stock price.
  5. P(52-week): 52 weeks stock price movement range range.
You can see from above table currently AAON & HANS are over-valued, I will put it under my watch list and wait for the market correction in order to get the real bargain deal.

Now let's look at LANC & PTI in deeper details:

LANC - Lancaster Colony manufactures food products, automotive accessories, glass products, and candles. The company's largest division, which produces specialty foods, markets condiments, baked goods, and pasta under brand names such as Girard's, Pfeiffer, and Marzetti. Its automotive division produces floor mats, truck splash guards, and other parts, which it sells to auto manufacturers and retail stores.

Current stock price $49.92 was within lower band of 52-week price range and also about 44% discount to it's intrinsic value price $88.02.

The intrinsic value was calculated base on past 5 years (2006 - 2010) EPS data 1.45, 1.28, 3.18, 4.07, 4.07 to work out growth rate @ 22.93% per annum.

But if we look at the EPS data from 2000 - 2005 2.49, 3.11, 2.24, 2.67, 2.48 it seems that the EPS growth was inconsistent and also without any clear trends.

If we take more conservative estimation, let's say the growth rate for next 5 years will be 15% per annum (since 5 years average ROE was about 18.86%) which worked out the intrinsic value is about $63 per share. Current stock price is about 21% lower than intrinsic stock price and we should take this opportunity to buy this stock and wait for market to recognise it's true value.

PTI - Patni Computer Systems, an offshore-centric IT service provider from India, is known for its long history of managing large client relationships and its strong domain expertise in the select industries of insurance, manufacturing, financial services, and telecommunications. However, Patni does suffer from high client concentration and a limited global presence. In our opinion, Patni is a relatively weak player in a good industry.

Current stock price $20.90 was also close to the lower band of 52-week price range and it was about 31% discount to it's intrinsic value price $30.38.

But same findings can be derived from past 10 years EPS data.
2001 - 2005: 0.48, 0.64, 0.66, 0.92, 0.96 - growth rate @ 14.87%
2006 - 2010: 0.86, 1.64, 1.50, 1.84, 2.12 - growth rate @ 19.78%

We can find that past 5 years earning growth was much faster than previous 5 years period. Since the average ROE (for past 5 years) was about 17%, we can take a conservative estimation the next 5 years EPS will be increasing about 15% per annum which work out the new intrinsic value is $24.63.

Current price $20.90 was about 15% lower than the intrinsic value. To me 15% was not a clear margin of safety I will put it under my watch-list and wait for the stock price drop to below $19.70 (80% of the intrinsic value $24.63) then start to buy it.